My guess, as Gerald pointed out, it's a rain water separator. Your air intake is on the side of the coach, open to the outside air with no hood or cover. When you are driving in a rain event, your engine would be pulling in air AND WATER from the rain. The black box is there to let the liquid water settle out and not continue into your air filter and engine. I understand a little water in the fuel entering combustion chambers might enhance combustion, but too much will ruin the engine... and will especially be hard on diesel engines.
My coach has a much smaller black box (4" thick by 12 " wide by 15" tall) standing vertically immediately behind the wall where the air intake point is on the side of the coach. I tried to feel along the bottom of the black box for a drain hole. I didn't feel one. The other thing that puzzles me is the black box on my coach is only a few inches wide and stands vertically between the intake and duct to the air filter. That makes the air filter inlet duct attachment point on the black box only 5 or 6 inches from the outside air intake point. That would not seem to me to be enough distance for the liquid water entering with the air intake point to separate and fall out. Oh well... I gave my two-bits worth.